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ePaper created 2014-09-15, 12:31:02 | version 1.32.01
After Maja Ponec’s retirement in 2005 this pioneering line of research was continued by Abdoelwaheb El Ghalbzouri. Currently, various HSEs are available composed either of the epidermal compartment like the Leiden Epidermal Model (LEM) or of both the epidermal and dermal compart- ments like the Full-Thickness collagen Model (FTM) and the Fibroblast Derived Matrix (FDM) model.[7] In recent years HSEs have been used to construct in vitro models of various skin diseases and conditions including recessive epidermolysis bullosa simplex, melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, wound healing, skin aging and atopic dermatitis.[8,9] In addition, as an alternative to animal testing, these skin models are perfectly suited for prediction of irritants, corrosive and toxic compounds.[10] In January 2013 a spin-off company (Biomimiq, division of Aeon Astron Europe B.V.) was launched for that purpose. References 1. Ponec M, de Haas C, Bachra BN, et al. Effects of glucocorticosteroids on primary human skin fibroblasts. I. Inhibition of the proliferation of cultured primary human skin and mouse L929 fibroblasts. Arch Dermatol Res 1977; 259: 117-23. 2. Teepe RG, Ponec M, Kreis RW, et al. Improved grafting method for treatment of burns with autologous cultured human epithelium. Lancet 1986; 1, 385. 3. Ponec M, Weerheim A, Kempenaar J, et al. Lipid composition of cultured human keratinocytes in relation to their differentiation. J Lipid Res 1988; 29: 949-61. 4. Ponec M, Weerheim A, Kempenaar J et al. The formation of competent barrier lipids in reconstructed human epidermis requires the presence of vitamin C. J Invest Dermatol 1997; 109, 348-55. 5. Huber M, Rettler I, Bernasconi, K, et al. Mutations of keratinocyte transglutaminase in lamellar ichthyosis. Science 1995; 267: 525-8. 6. Lavrijsen AP, Bouwstra JA, Gooris GS, et al. Reduced skin barrier function parallels abnormal stratum corneum lipid organization in patients with lamellar ichthyosis. J Invest Dermatol 1995; 105: 619-24. 7. El Ghalbzouri A, Commandeur S, Rietveld MH, et al. Replacement of animal-derived collagen matrix by human fibroblast-derived dermal matrix for human skin equivalent products. Biomaterials 2009; 30: 71-8. 8. El Ghalbzouri A, Jonkman M, Kempenaar J, et al. Recessive epidermolysis bullosa simplex phenotype reproduced in vitro: ablation of keratin 14 is partially compensated by keratin 17. Am J Pathol 2003; 163: 1771-9. 9. Commandeur S, de Gruijl FR, Willemze R, et al. An in vitro three-dimensional model of primary human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Dermatol 2009; 18: 849-56. 10. El Ghalbzouri A, Siamari R, Willemze R, et al. Leiden reconstructed human epidermal model as a tool for the evaluation of the skin corrosion and irritation potential according to the ECVAM guidelines. Toxicol In Vitro 2008; 22: 1311-20. 93 BWEADVSMGFINCORR:Opmaak 1 21-07-2014 17:40 Pagina 93