revised edition every country needs healthy citizens. this aim can only be achieved through physical education. the aim of physical education is to develop physical, moral, social and emotional factors. this is an important milestone for the citizens who seek to acquire this knowledge and who learn to apply it for their betterment. this book is written for the students ‘plus two physical education’ preparing for class xii examination. the language of the book is very simple and lucid. i have tried my best to insert clear diagrams for better understanding. the book has been written strictly according to the latest syllabus issued by cbse, delhi. the book has been divided into . each chapter deals with twelve units the subject in detail. i have also given quotations to support and explain my views. exercises have been given at the end of each chapter. it is earnestly hoped that this book will be found useful by the students. in spite of great care some misprints might have crept in, so kindly bear with me. i will try to correct them in my next edition. i want to express my sincere thanks to my teachers, friends and bheeni chaudhry & ritwick chaudhry. i am pleased to convey my deep sense of gratitude to for their vishvas publications pvt. ltd. untiring efforts to bring out this book well in time. i would like to dedicate this book to late dr. g.s. chaudhry, ex-chairman, dept. of phy. edu. & ex-director sports, k. u., kurukshetra any suggestions for further improvement of this book will be gratefully acknowledged. author preface dedicated to late dr. g.s. chaudhry (1925 – 1988) ex - chairman, dept. of phy. edu. & ex-director sports, k. u., kurukshetra also available on & like us on : www.facebook.com\vishvaspublications printed at : printomex printers mohali – 160062 copyright reserved © published by web site : www.vishvasbooks.org e-mail : vishvasbooks@yahoo.co.in h.o. : 576, industrial area, phase-9, mohali-160062 (chandigarh) phones : 0172-2210596, 2215045, 5027199, fax : 2211596 sales offices kolkata hyderabad patna jodhpur : 09331003099 09216520167 : 09216521167 : 08146242167 : jammu lucknow ranchi guwahati : 09419184952 08859466488 : 09430377697 : 0361–2604065 : delhi mumbai bengaluru indore : 09818270717 09216520167 : 09779945740 : 08146242167 : all rights reserved. no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. like us on : www.facebook.com\vishvaspublications